What is hammertoe?
Hammertoe is a toe deformity in which the end of your toe bends downward. It occurs because of an imbalance in tendons, ligaments, or muscles that normally hold your toe straight. Hammertoe often affects the middle joint of your second, third, or fourth toes.
What are the symptoms of hammertoe?
If you have hammertoe, you may notice the following signs and symptoms:
- Your toe joint stays bent
- The end of your toe bends downward like a claw
- Inability to move your toe
- Pain in the affected toe
- A corn near the top of your toe
- A callus on the sole of your foot
- Pain when you walk
Check-in with your podiatrist if hammertoe pain limits your mobility or inhibits you from enjoying your favorite everyday activities.
What are the risk factors for hammertoe?
Anybody can develop hammertoe, but the following factors increase your risk of developing it:
- Older age
- Genetics
- Being a woman
- Wearing short, narrow shoes
- Wearing high heels or shoes that are too tight
- Congenital abnormalities
- Nerve or spinal cord problems
- Abnormal toe muscle balance
- A second toe that’s longer than your big toe
- Chronic diseases, such as arthritis and diabetes
Toe injuries that can increase your risk of developing hammertoe including stubbing, jamming, or breaking your toe.
What is the treatment for hammertoe?
After carefully reviewing your symptoms, examining your toe, and utilizing X-rays when necessary, your podiatrist might recommend the following hammertoe treatments:
Footwear changes
Your doctor may recommend footwear changes by switching from tight, narrow shoes to soft, comfortable footwear. They might suggest orthotics (shoe inserts) or pads that help reposition your toe. Avoid wearing high heels.
Physical therapy
Completing stretching and strengthening exercises can help reposition your toe and ease pain associated with hammertoe.
Splinting
In children, your podiatrist might recommend wearing a splint or manipulating the affected toe to gradually straighten it over time.
Surgery
Surgery is sometimes necessary to fully restore your toe and its function. You can usually go home the same day as hammertoe surgery, but a full recovery might take weeks or months.
How can I prevent hammertoe?
The best way to prevent hammertoe and its complications is by wearing comfortable shoes and seeking treatment early before symptoms become painful. Call Central Jersey Ankle & Foot Care Specialists for an appointment today or use the online scheduler.
